Romeo And Juliet True Love Essay Example For Students

Romeo And Juliet True Love Essay Lewd behavior IN THE WORK PLACESexual provocation has been a predominant event in work environment the nation over. Sexual distortion can prompt harm to individual notoriety, loss of nobility, or even physical injury. In spite of the fact that it is illicit, it keeps on occurring in this politically right time. Lewd behavior has numerous definitions and in this manner a few people think that its hard to characterize. Many contextual investigations have been done regarding the matter of lewd behavior in the work environment in, for example, fields as: risk, methodology and approaches, measurements, social liberties, and force issue. As per (Popovich 315) and her associates, inappropriate behavior in the work environment is wonder. They had the option to do an investigation with students depicting lewd behavior episodes in the work environment and contents came about. Those contents were then by blended sets of prepared people. The investigation had the option to show that cliché convictions were self-evident, with contents including the provocation of a more youthful attractive female subordinate, by and large a secretary, by a male that was her chief. The practices of the contents had a serious to less extreme conduct in various settings. Prodding was a type of open badgering that included numerous harassers. The casualty was dealt with amateurish by the bantering harassers. Each type of lewd behavior content had the option to show what was esteemed as common conduct, the thought process of the harassers, and the reaction of the person in question (Popovich 315). Lewd behavior has been viewed as a social collaboration. At one time just specialists and women's activist scholars were keen on the subject. Today the point is a hierarchical issue. There have been numerous cases on lewd behavior that was brought to the bleeding edge and into American mindfulness (Popovich 315). The Equal business Opportunity Commission built up rules for the issue of inappropriate behavior in 1980 (Popovich 315). Since that time inquire about on the matter of inappropriate behavior has expanded consistently. So as to comprehend lewd behavior all the more completely, different studies have been utilized in the exploration of inappropriate behavior. It is prove that one people view of lewd behavior is not normal for anothers recognition. A people view of lewd behavior relies upon a few variables to incorporate the sex of the individual rating the occurrence, the situation of the individual associated with the proposed inappropriate behavior episode (Popovich 315). How is an episode named as inappropriate behavior? As per (Popovich 315) and her associates inappropriate behavior is abstract in nature. This being the situation, it is essential to really find how individuals characterize lewd behavior in the working environment. Subjects have been given arrangements of conduct that is possibly lewd behavior so as to learn their perspective on the issue. In view of an undergrad survey that was done broadly, Fitzgerald and her partners had the option to build up an instrument that mirrors the sorts of lewd behavior. Popovich and her associates recommend that there are three sorts of variables engaged with lewd behavior: undesirable sexual consideration, sexual compulsion, and sex provocation (Popovich 315). A superior comprehension might be made of the purported marvel of the lewd behavior by deciding the standards that individuals pass by, and what is induced in conduct causality. Little is known concerning the view that individuals consider as what is normal while looking at episodes of lewd behavior (Popovich 315). Because of inappropriate behavior, in the court framework there have been contradictions concerning the excludability of work environment misfortunes from their general obligation arrangements. Risk protection has regularly been restricted to giving inclusion to such things as substantial mischief or harm to property. In lewd behavior cases, a few courts have made a decision about proceeding with work as a property right. Others have taken an increasingly moderate position in the issue. On the off chance that the lewd behavior is deliberate, this demonstration can be an obstacle that the protected must survive. Fischer said that the whole issue can be evaded by the acquisition of business practice obligation approaches (Fischer B9). There has been a work of a few measures for adapting to the issue of lewd behavior in the work environment. Barak expressed, Although a great part of the exertion has been accommodated exceptional enactment, legitimate complaint systems, or activities for hierarchical change, scarcely any endeavors have been made to forestall lewd behavior through the use of suitable preparing methodology dependent on compelling psycho-instructive techniques (Barak 595). A course utilizing subjective conduct procedures was utilized to give ladies a mindfulness concerning inappropriate behavior at work. In spite of the fact that most of lewd behavior claims are made by ladies against the other gender, same-sex inappropriate behavior additionally happens. Truth be told same-sex lewd behavior grumblings are developing in the American working environment. The measurements are very stunning. As indicated by (Sipkins and Schmitt B7) Sexual provocation protests by men have significantly increased since 1991 and now make up 11.6% of cases answered to the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, and a significant number of these cases include affirmed same-sex inappropriate behavior (Sipkins and Schmitt B7). As per (Graziano 381) the Civil Rights Act of 1964 named sexual separation and conceded an appropriate for the remediation of its casualties. Ladies have had hundreds of years of legitimately and socially authorized maltreatment; along these lines, this demonstration was a fortress for womankind. Sadly, be that as it may, there has been minimal powerful activity by ladies concerning badgering in the work environment. There has really been little advancement in the territory of inappropriate behavior and the abuse of ladies in the working environment and in schools. Graziano stated, As is regularly the situation, laws have not generally changed perspectives of bosses, educators, doctor, legal counselors, judges, or partners, and the way toward reviewing wrongs is often at any rate as distressing and harmful to womens mental and physical wellbeing just like the first infringement of their privileges (Graziano 381). Moreover, The hurtful impacts of the provocation or legitimate methods on the beneficiaries confidence, mental self portrait, vocation, efficiency, monetary prosperity, and connections are enduring and now and again perpetual (Graziano 381). As indicated by (Graziano 381) lewd activities definition is a force issue. In the event that after case whether the lady is a doctor or one that works in a production line, inappropriate behavior is appeared to have a comparative encounter to assault, misuse that is sexual, and viciousness that is residential, in that the ladies are not accepted and they, as casualties, are considered to blame. A lewd behavior preliminary puts the lady on edge. She becomes depleted sincerely due to the absence of help for her motivation (Graziano 381). As indicated by (Desole 155) the issue of lewd behavior is an unpredictable one. It requires a profound comprehension. Lewd behavior has clear consequence, which have been believed to detonate in insightful just as well known media. Desole places that an extraordinary arrangement has been distributed concerning the subject of lewd behavior, yet a few inquiries stay unanswered (Desole 155). There has been no indication of inappropriate behavior diminishing. The 1990s have seen a blast of cases of lewd behavior in the work environment despite the fact that a great many people know about the issue. The court framework has gotten to some degree receptive to the issue of lewd behavior. It is proposed that there are numerous examples of lewd behavior that don't arrive at perceivability, or resolution in the issue. Disole proposes that such basic measurements as race, class, and sexual direction are not considerably considered (Desole 155). Despite the fact that there are laws against provocation in the working environment, it continues on as an issue that is ethically corrupting, hard to battle, and genuinely depleting for the ladies in question. A few examinations have been done on the issue and one consistent stays clear: every individual has their own assessment what comprises lewd behavior. Lewd behavior IN THE WORK PLACESexual provocation has been a predominant event in work environment the nation over. Sexual variation can prompt harm to individual notoriety, loss of nobility, or even physical injury. Despite the fact that it is illicit, it keeps on occurring in this politically right time. Lewd behavior has numerous definitions and thusly a few people think that its hard to characterize. Many contextual investigations have been done regarding the matter of inappropriate behavior in the working environment in, for example, fields as: risk, techniques and arrangements, measurements, social equality, and force issue. As indicated by (Popovich 315) and her associates, lewd behavior in the working environment is marvel. They had the option to do an investigation with students portraying inappropriate behavior episodes in the working environment and contents came about. Those contents were then by blended sets of prepared people. The examination had the option to show that cliché convictions were self-evident, with contents including the badgering of a more youthful gorgeous female subordinate, for the most part a secretary, by a male that was her chief. The practices of the contents had an extreme to less serious conduct in various settings. Prodding was a type of open provocation that included different harassers. The casualty was dealt with amateurish by the bantering harassers. Each type of lewd behavior content had the option to show what was considered as common conduct, the intention of the harassers, and the reaction of the person in question (Popovich 315). Lewd behavior has been viewed as a social connection. At one time just analysts and women's activist scholars were keen on the theme. Today the theme is an authoritative issue. There have been numerous cases on inappropriate behavior that was brought to the front line and into American mindfulness (Popovich 315). The Equal business Opportunity Commission built up rules for the difficult o

The faces of the Goddess :: English Literature

The essences of the Goddess From the beginning of time ladies have engaged themselves by taking on numerous various titles and jobs. This can be found in the two figurative dream books The Mists of Avalon and Forest house, both composed by Marion Zimmer Bradley. In the two books we see the female heroes take on a wide range of jobs as they move all through the extraordinary phases of their lives. In the books it is accepted that the Goddess shows herself in each lady. The stages and jobs held by the two priestesses, Morgaine and Eilan, speak to the various structures the Goddess takes. Morgaine shows the Goddess inside her when she goes about as the Maiden or Virgin huntress, the Mother everything being equal and as the Old Passing hag. These types of the Goddess show themselves in Eilan as the Maiden, the caring Mother and the Lady of Ravens or Death-hag. Both Morgaine's and Eilan's activities all through the books show that they speak to the three essences of the Goddess: the Virgin Maiden, the admirer of men and divine beings; the Mother, life-supplier and overseer of men; furthermore, the Old Death-hag, enemy of men. To start, Morgaine speaks to the Virgin Maiden, the admirer of the God furthermore, Summer-ruler. This is demonstrated when Morgaine is contemplating internally about her past while weaving a spell to murder Avalloch. She is arranging to set her darling Accolon on the seat in the spot of Avalloch after the ruler Uriens kicks the bucket. Morgaine talks in her brain: Quite a while back she had been the Virgin Huntress, favoring the Horned One what's more, sending him forward to run with the deer and to vanquish or bite the dust as the Goddess may declare. He had returned to her... presently she was no more that Virgin, holding all the intensity of the Huntress. (The Mists of Avalon 671) These lines show that Morgaine had once appeared as the Virgin Goddess who offers herself to the King Stag. She carried out the responsibility of the Lady Goddess while she was youthful and a physical lady by setting Arthur the Stag-God on his seat. This is significant in light of the fact that she feels since she should set the God on his seat again however this time in the type of Accolon. Morgaine stresses however in light of the fact that she believes she no longer has the intensity of the Maiden Huntress to do as such. This shows Morgaine questions that the Goddess and all her selves are inside her. This happens in spite of the way that she had taken on the situation of Lady previously. Morgaine is as yet unlearned in the methods of the Goddess what's more, similar to the Maiden, she should set out on an otherworldly excursion toward

Innovation and Design Strategy - Free Essay Example

Samsung Electronics: Innovation and Design Strategy Introduction: The case study commences with the integration of innovative design and brand management by Samsung Electronics which started a new trend in the electronics industry. As discussed in the case, initially Samsung was not much popular and lacked design identity but later it relocated itself by: * Improvement in the product development processes * Increasing their investments in RD and product design i. e. RD globalization. * By adopting right innovation strategies. By mastering the less tangible, more intuitive qualities of superior design. * By diversification of products and step by step or continual improvement. * Implementing Global localization strategy. * Achieving Vision of leading in digital convergence by using e-processes (electronic integration of processes by going online). All these methods were implemented by Samsung in order to improve its productivity and to gain competitive advantage over its competitors like LG Electronics, Sony, Apple Computer Inc. , etc. Despite this, Samsung is facing the challenge to stay ahead in competition in the near future. Consumer electronics industry is facing a tough competition and the need of the hour is to optimize the R D costs, having relevant information regarding the IPR (Intellectual Property Rights) while design outsourcing and using appropriate product design followed by appropriate market strategy. Case Analysis: As mentioned in the case, the background of Samsung can be discussed in a tabular form: * Started by Byung-Chull Lee in 1939 as an exporter of agricultural products. | * Samsung Electronics established in 1969 followed by product diversification. * Strategic Joint Ventures with NEC, Sanyo and Corning Glass work in 1970| * Brought 50% stake in Korea Semiconductor Inc. | * Acquisition of Korea Semiconductor Inc. in 1978 followed by the successful implementation of reverse engineered product design| * Vertical integration by developing their own IC’s DRAMS(Dynamic Random Access Memories in 1985 | * Focus on qualitative growth than quantitative growth in 1990| * Loosening of import restrictions by South Korean government| And Samsung achieved price competitiveness in 1991. * In 1992, Samsung established RD center in European markets. | * In 1994, Samsung established RD center in US markets. | * In 1997, Samsung cuts its Korean and overseas workforces due to Asian Financial crises. | * In 1999, Samsung was regarded as world’s premiere consumer goods and services industry By Forbes. | * In 2000, Samsung embarked vision to convert itself into a Digital- e company. | * Increased design staff and RD in 2004| In 2005, Samsung increased its design budget by 20%-30%| * In 2006, Samsung registered 17,377 patents worldwide| * In 2007, Samsung held dominant worldwide market share| Samsung Electronics’ integration of brand management, product design and investment in RD provided them advantages over its competitors. Hence, they improved step by step with the product diversification, Mergers and Acquisitions, vertical integration and implementation of new technology. They were aggressively involved in marketing and improving their brand image in the minds of their customers. The Samsung’s learning and leveraging matrix can be explained as: Dedicated business units e. g. Informal technology transfer | New venture department or division, e. g. †skunkworks( Investments in RD’s)| Independent business unit, e. g. Predivestment or potential spinout| Direct integration or business team ( Vertical Integration by developing their own IC’s)| Low Leveraging existing competencies High Innovation and product Design at Samsung Electronics Samsung Electronics leading position was contributed by the enlisted factors: * Creative people in the organization which contributed in the development of technology. * Co-operation between the business partners throughout the supply chain * Firms ability in exploring end penetrating into the new markets * Speed of innovation and product development. Along with this Samsung also increased the investments in their RD centers. After doing the trend analysis for the Exhibit 3 which shows the Samsung RD budget and percentage sales, We arrive at the conclusion that the Samsung’s RD budget increased till the year 2007 linearly. But there is decline in the percentage of sales in the year 2007, which suggests that the Samsung will need to rethink this strategy. There is an urgent need to optimize the cost related to Samsung’s RD expenditure to prevent the decline of sales in future. Samsung globalized their RD network worldwide to develop technologies which can be commercialized in the future. Basically the main idea behind the globalization of RD network is to: * Focus on innovation and generating new products for global market. There is a huge scope of product improvement. * This provides an access to the emerging markets. * Leverages the market opportunity for the firm. User- Centric Design Philosophy Samsung’s philosophy was to strike the balance between the reasons and feelings. This was done by them with the rationalization of the design of product by using geometric and technological par ameters and enhancing the design to the product so that it can make the emotional connection with the user. Their global localization strategy helped them to become a top class consumer electronics company. Marketing Samsung used electronic processes to achieve their vision of leading in digital convergence. The Convergence and integration between manufacturing, promotion distribution of electronics included releasing, promoting and marketing. This thing helped Samsung in improving: * Brand Image * Helped in product differentiation * Better value propositions or bundle of benefits to the customers. This graph shows net sales and operating profit of Samsung Electronics 2007 Samsung Electronics’ E-processes comprised of: The SCM, RD management and Customer management processes were integrated with ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning). ERP implementation provided them a wider access to the Samsung Electronics’ operations. This improved their overall processes and improved efficiency. Competitive Landscape: Landscape| SamsungElectronics| Apple ComputerInc. | LGElectronics| Nokia Corp. | Sony Corp. | MotorolaInc. | Product Offered| Consumer electronics(LCD TV’s,MicrowaveOvens, PC’s, etc. ) | PC’s, portable music players,Mobile communication devices, etc. | Consumer Electronics( mobile handsets,Front loading washing machines, AC’s, etc. )| Leading Mobile Comm. Company( started as wood pulp producers)| Electronic games,Motion pictures, Financial services, etc. Mobility solutions, mobile services, cellular comm. Devices ,etc. | Innovation DesignMarketing| Focuses on ‘Reason’ and Feeling to create a design and used global localization strategy to establish as a first class consumer electronic company(user centric)Digital convergence using E-Processes and efforts in improvi ng design by investing in RD| Occupies ‘feeling’ zone and emphasis on the simplicity of products in terms of design and usability. Improvement in design and product features| Concentrated on 5 areas:Mobile comm. digital appliances, digital displays,Digital media and home networking and design their products by using 4 values: Theme, style, interface and finishOriginally produced electronics for mass consumption but later transformed to produce premium consumer products for attracting premium customers and to gain brand image| Adopted telecom. as its core business designing was based on 3 principles: Simplicity,Relevance and ExperienceProduct categorization is done by: ExploreLive classic, classic, achieve and entry and communicating brand value to the customers| Creates value added products by doping 4 principles of design: Originality, Lifestyle, Functionality and UsabilityDo not rely on customer surveys and create value added user experience through feature design, concept development and eco- friendly sustainable design| Focus on two criteria’s for design the products for their consumers: personalization and socializationPaid attention on development of new revenue generating services and technologies and enabling customers to experience media mobility. | Comparison of percentage sales It is clear from the graph that both Nokia and Motorola are ahead than Samsung in terms percentage of net sales. This means that Samsung needs to redesign and reform their business network to gain competitive advantage from its competitors. Moreover in 2007, there is a slight decline in sales for Samsung which is a cause of concern. Though, Samsung is relatively doing well as compared to its competitors Apple, LG and Sony. Conclusion We can analyze the whole case by using Porter’s legacy which deals with innovation strategy. There are five forces to develop a competitive innovation strategy: The five forces are : * Relations with suppliers: It means that Samsung needs to improve their relations with the suppliers. This can be done with Suppliers relationship management and by bringing the suppliers on a single platform. * Relations with buyers: Customer is the king. There is a need to improve their relationships with the buyers or customers by developing appropriate marketing strategy, timely delivery of the products and supply chain management * New entrants: It is important for Samsung to analyze the threats from new entrants in the consumer electronic market. * Substitutes: With the emergence of chinese products in the market which can act as the substitutes for Samsung products . Hence, it is important for Samsung to implement Generic technology strategies which includes: * Cost leadership (e. g. Lower/cheaper material input, logisitics) * Differentiation (e. g. Enhance features, deliverability) * Cost focus (minimum features) * Differentiation (niche markets) * Rivalry among established firms: There is a strong competition between the already existing firms like Nokia, Sony, Apple, LG, etc. Therefore ,Samsung will have to improve its competitiveness in the market. In order to sustain its position in the near future Samsung will have to consider all the above mentioned points.

Marketing Plan For A Marketing Strategy - 1961 Words

A marketing strategy is vital for any business, and the focus of any marketing strategy is to make sure that both your products and services are meeting not only the needs of your customers, but the long-term relationships with them as well. In order to be truly successful, a marketing plan must be flexible to allow for changes in your customers perceptions as well as demands, merely creating a marketing plan is not enough. Furthermore, your marketing plan should be monitored periodically for its effectiveness and any adjustments should be made accordingly. There are several different marketing strategies which one can employ in order to help make his/her business successful, from guerilla marketing, where you can market your business at promotional events through low-cost trades. If you own your own a restaurant you could set up a concession stand at a high school sporting event, donating the profits to in exchange for product sampling. Positioning, this is one way in which to m arket your specific brand where there is no spending, the business merely creates a brand image or position within the marketplace. Another key marketing strategy is cause marketing, this can be done through sponsorships like a sporting event or tournament, not only does this develop brand loyalty, but it is also an effective means by which to introduce new products or services into the market. For my particular business, I would like to open up a BBQ sandwich shop which serves primarilyShow MoreRelatedMarketing Plan For A Marketing Strategy909 Words   |  4 PagesA marketing plan is crucial to the survival of an organization. Marketing plans need to be well thought out and target a certain market. The market that an organization chooses will demonstrate what direction they want the organization to head in. However, choosing just one market will be problematic to the organization because they will be missing out on other opportunities to grow. 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Advantages And Disadvantages Of Fast Food - 1105 Words

The Disadvantage of Fast Food Modern life becomes more and more comfortable, but people are busier and busier with their life. Therefore, people do not have time to cook at home. Some people favor to eat fast food or at restaurants; however, not that many people favor to eat at home. Eating at home or eating at fast food restaurants has advantage and disadvantage, so which one is better? Eating at a restaurant is similar to eating at home in many ways. Although eating out or cooking at home, people still have to waste their income for food, spend their time to cook or go to the restaurant to eat. For instance, sometimes people waste their time looking for parking or have to drive to a restaurant, instead of spending their time to†¦show more content†¦Furthermore, there are some disadvantages of eating outside. First of all, restaurants offer a less comfortable environment to eat and the food there tastes unpleasant and unhealthy compared to home cooked meals. Restaurants may satisfy all tastes of its customers because everyone has different favorite dishes. However, eating in a restaurant is a bad way of getting together with a group of people because people can overhear their conversions. Many people think that is easier to do group work when they eat and negotiate at the same time, but it is not true because restaurants are a public place. The advantage of cooking at home is that it does not require much of their time. People spend more time to prepare everything, such as ingredients to cook their meal perfectly because people always want to watch what foods they buy and the nutritional value of the product. When going to shop for groceries people have to be aware of the nutrition fact labels. This will give them a better understanding of what kind of ingredients they will be putting into their body. Other than fast foods, they have no idea what kind of ingredients that the food may contain. 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According to the Huffington Post, in 2014 more men, women and children alike have started paying more attention to what they are consuming. They have focused on â€Å"super† foods and have gone on fitness crazes.Read MoreFast Food Restaurants Are Not A Healthy Choice Essay812 Words   |  4 Pages Fast food restaurants are common trend and fashion in people’s life style. Most of the fast food chains such as McDonald’s, KFc are perfect in the business and in the fast food industry. Colorful decorations, icons, and advertising tips give people attraction the business. The new generatio n of the fast food restaurants are trying to provide healthier choices for customer, but most of people still believe that fast food is unhealthy. Many fast food restaurants are trying to using healthier way

Innovation and How they Have Affected Organisations

Questions: 1.What is Amazon Go? 2.What we are offering? 3.How does it work? Answers: 1. Amazon Go is worlds most advance shopping technology relieving you from the hassle of standing and waiting in line for billing. Amazon Go is a new innovation to make your shopping experience check out free. In short it is a high tech retail location. Vision Our vision was to provide shopping experience with NO LINES AND NO CHECKOUT. To develop a technology and push the boundaries of computer vision and machine learning to create a store where customers can buy whatever they want in a go, taking offline shopping experience to another level. Problem we are solving Eliminating the pain points of physical stores. Decreasing the wait time for purchasing a product. Optimizing your purchase directly to the payment app thereby eliminating need of physical cash. Benefits of shopping with us No Line. No check out. Just look and shop for the products you would do at other stores. Step closure to cash less society Cash free shopping Reducing wait time while shopping 2. What if you step into the store, grab what you want and just leave! What if we use most advance machine learning, computer vision and AI into a store so you dont have wait in line, no check outs! A check-out free shopping experience is what we have aimed to provide. Computer vision, sensor fusion and deep learning are some main technology used to provide. Technologies similar to technology used in self-driving cars. Our just walk technology automatically detects when products are taken or placed back to shelves and update your virtual cart. Market size Global ecommerce market in 2016 was forecasted to be $22.049 trillion in 2017 which is expected to $27 trillion by 2020 (eMarketer, 2016). As per recent analysis 43% of total online sales was made through Amazon in US (Business Insider, 2017) Grocery market in US is $600 billion Amazon has a great opportunity to grab offline sale also. 3. work Use the Amazon Go app to enter the store Put away your phone and start shopping Everything you pick up is automatically updated to your virtual cart If you changed your mind about a product just keep it back, your virtual cart will automatically get updated. Computer vision, Deep learning algorithms and sensor fusion similar to what you find in a self driving car makes it possible. Scale up plans Amazon Go in Seattle is currently on testing phase and opens for employees, planning to open for public in 2017. Amazon is planning to open 2000 grocery stores in the coming year which is one third of the total present stores of Wal-Mart in US.

J.I.T. Manufacturing And Inventory Control System Essays

J.I.T. Manufacturing And Inventory Control System Since the dawn of human existence evolution in all sectors of society has occurred due to Economic factors. This has mainly happened due to the fact that all technological achievements have occurred in favor of money. Specifically we can admit that Economy is the main reason for growth and development. By these means it is in our interest to establish strong economies either as societies (macroeconomics) or as individuals (microeconomics). For these reasons several techniques and methods have been initiated in order help modern individuals to develop. Such techniques are usually Accounting or Managerial in their nature. However one of the most important technique is both an Accounting and a Managerial technique and is called The just in time method. Just in time manufacturing was an inventory control approach that was developed by Taiichi Ohno at Toyota Motor Company of Japan. Specifically it requires that the exact quantity of defect-free raw materials, parts and subassemblies are produced just in time for the next stage of the manufacturing stage (Ivancevich-Lorenzi-Skinner, p 427). That actually means an inventory is never large and by this way cost is being reduced due to the fact that there are no losses of materials due to bad demand or spoilt. This method is totally a demand - driven process since inventory value represents the exact value of raw materials, parts or subassemblies that must be spent to satisfy orders that have already taken place. By these means the company is never overstocked and that has as an affect that the company will never have a liquidity problem since assets as stock of goods are smaller and cash is bigger. Another reason for this to happen is the fact that Just in time manufacturing is a philoso phy of eliminating non value added activities and increasing product quality throughout the manufacturing process (Meigs, Bettner, p. 804). But how can we control if our Just in time manufacturing system is efficient? The answer to that is given by Meigs and Bettner : A widely used measure of efficiency in a Just in time system is the Manufacturing Efficiency ratio (p. 805). This ratio is given by the Value Added Activities time over the Cycle time. The cycle time is the time of processing, storing, moving and inspecting that is spent on the material before their usage. If the ratio is equal to one then we have the perfect Manufacturing efficiency ratio. This means that the smaller the number the less efficient is our Just in Time manufacturing method and the larger are the Value added activities. Finally we can conclude that if we perform the Just in Time manufacturing the right way we diminish cost and that is the ideal case for every company of producing nature. Toyota once again initiated a revolutionary technique on the field of Management that was widely copied by many companies around the world. Business

THE PROGRESSIVE ERA

THE PROGRESSIVE ERA THE PROGRESSIVE ERATo many, it seemed as if America's development was too good to be true. Immigrants flooded in hoping for a better life and a new start. Politicians ran for office all with a better platform than the last. By the early 1900's though, reality struck American cities. Labor in the cities was tough, with unsafe conditions and long hours, all for a minimum wage that could only afford for the increasing slum apartments. Different companies took advantage of the same working class of the cities, usually overcharging them for services and lying to them whenever possible. With all this going on, the public turned to the government, but realized the corrupt system would never be able to help much. The government was filled with unqualified officials whom, after being banned from the spoils system, were still being bribed by companies, criminals, etc. for special treatment. Americans desperately waited in disappointment for the change they needed.English: Jane Addams in a carT he laborers for these large businesses worked in poor conditions filled with safety hazards and minimal pay. The laborers also crowded to these factories in the overpopulated cities such as New York City and Chicago. When fired immigrants would take over the job for less pay. Such events brought upon great strikes and violence. Something had to be done. When all of American society was affected in the way businesses the people banded together to stop the chaos. The progressive movement was all about the regulation of business, no labor exploitation, federal intervention to help out the rest of America.Inventors, philosophers, social theorists, and historians led the progressive movement laying down the groundwork for the future. They believed that intelligent disciplined people should lead America into its new age. Being methodical in their ways, they used scientific methods to solve...

Urban planning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Urban planning - Essay Example It proceeds in two ways: the multiplication of the points of concentration and the increase in size of the concentrations† (qtd. in Champion 144). This phenomenon is evident in some of the major cities in the world such as London and Paris, which have a high degree of urban concentration. On the other hand, suburbanisation is a term that has come to be viewed in regard to the decentralisation of urban places or metropolitans since it is a reflection of the â€Å"shift in patterns of development from the mainly lateral expansion of the city’s built-up core to much deeper penetration of house building into an extensive commuting hinterland or ring† (Champion 149). Simply put, suburbanisation is a description of the fringe areas of major cities resulting to areas called suburbs, which have various meanings depending on their definition in various places around the world. Nonetheless, the convention definition of suburbs implies that they are residential areas located in the fringe areas of a large city within a commuting distant to the city with some having political autonomy while the population density of these areas vary from one place to another. Suburbanization is the process where cities grow peripherally; starting by movement of people, trade and facilities from densely populated urban cores to, to less populated human settlements. Among the reasons were expansion in transport, crowded urban areas, industrial growth and immigration and Levittown played a crucial role in development of suburbs from the 1950’s and beyond (Marshall). The automobile age, which was after the Second World War, witnessed the return of many servicemen. They were all entitled to education and housing benefits. New bachelors’ degrees were issued and it created a professional class. The veterans that opted for vocational education filled the service sector. The two classes started having children that became baby

Information Systems Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words - 1

Information Systems Strategy - Essay Example Current paper focuses on the identification of the value of information systems within modern organizations proposing at the same time effective strategies so that the use of these systems in business environment to be improved offering the necessary support to the further improvement of organizational performance. The major challenge of this paper is to locate the major problems related with the administration of Information Systems within modern organizations; however if taking into account the fact that each specific business develops its own strategies regarding the gathering, process and distribution of information, then it could be assumed that a general framework in which information systems are developed – referring to modern organization – would be adequate – at least at an initial stage; a more detailed explanation of the role and the methods of development of Information Systems in modern organizations could take place using specific examples of firms or organizations that already operate within the modern market. In fact, two such organizations have been chosen for the above task while a series of other applications of these systems in business sector is presented in order to help towards the understanding of the value of these systems and their contribution to the improvement of organizational performance worldwide. In this context, current study is considered to be of significant importance highlighting the criteria of successful implementation and administration of information systems in modern organizations. It should be noticed that the examination of the value of IS in modern business environment will be conducted referring both to the theoretical and the practical implications of the IS management on organizational performance; for this reason a summary of most common IS management practices will be presented at a first level while a reference to specific organizations

A Detailed Insight into Indonesia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

A Detailed Insight into Indonesia - Essay Example The largest and the most famous amongst these are Java, Sumatra, Kalimantan, New Guinea, and Sulawesi. It shares borders with Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, East Timor, Singapore, Philippines and Australia. Since this country is located right near the Australian, Pacific and Eurasian tectonic plates, it is an earthquake prone country and also sees a high level of volcanic activity. Indonesia is a hot and humid tropical country and experiences a lot of rain. Since its location is on the seacoast, Indonesia has long been an important trade center, right from the seventh century with strong trade relations with China and India. As a result, it adopted many Indian and Chinese cultural and religious practices and had many Hindu and Buddhist dynasties that ruled here. Its rich natural resources have also attracted many other foreign traders, who also added their cultural influences. The Muslim traders brought in the religion of Islam, while European powers that have also left a cultural impac t, fought over the right of the Spice Trade in the island of Maluku. The different ethnic and various religious societies that inhabit the various islands of Indonesia are different from each other and they reflect the natural diversity of this colorful country. Although the islands that form this archipelago are all connected to each other through trade, wars, politics and the formation of the republic of Indonesia, they have managed to stay apart, culturally.

The Land of 10,000 Lakes :: Personal Narrative Writing

The Land of 10,000 Lakes My favorite part about my Minnesota vacations were the fishing trips I went on with my dad. We would wake up very early in the morning, even before the sun was up. As the birds were just beginning their morning songs, I rolled over in bed, still half asleep. As the thoughts of heading out on the lake and catching fish entered my mind, I was quickly wide awake. I got up, and put on my favorite pair of jeans. These jeans have been through a lot, with holes in the knees and a long slit down the back of one leg. Next came my lucky Hinton football shirt that I wore every single time I went hunting or fishing. When we were dressed, we headed out to the kitchen and ate a quick breakfast of cold cereal. I loaded up the cooler for the day as my dad made us both some sandwiches. When everything was packed, we carried out our cooler, rods, bait, and tackle boxes down to the dock. The sky was just beginning to turn a light gray color, and all the trees were standing still. We filled up the boat with our fishing supplies, and I untied the ropes from the dock. The boat was white and blue on the outside, with a matching interior. The engine was always a little slow starting, but that morning it fired on the first try. On our way out to our favorite fishing place, all the houses along the lake were still dark. The boat ride to our spot was only about twenty minutes, but it was hard to drive fast in the predawn light. My dad taught me that the best time to catch fish in clear water was in low light hours, when the fish couldn’t see the boat. Only one other fisherman was out as early as us, but we both knew that more latecomers would be arriving with the light. Finally, we arrived at the spot where we loved to fish. Every year we went to the exact same place on the lake because this is where we have always caught the most fish. I always liked to sit in the back of the boat and fish straight out behind us. My dad went up front and controlled the trolling motor, pushing the boat perfectly over the drop-off where the walleyes liked to float and wait for food.

Police officer Essay

Inspector Goole has an air of mystery around him from the start. Mr. Birling is on the bench and knows all the police officers but has never seen Inspector Goole. The Inspector tells him that he is new â€Å"Only recently transferred.† This makes us wonder, is it a coincidence that he has just started working in Brumley at the same time as this investigation is going on? Or maybe he knew Eva Smith personally and wanted to find out more about what drove her to suicide. We don’t really know who he is and there is no evidence that he is a real Inspector so the audience are confused whether to believe him or not. We do not know enough about his character to trust him. He also has a very mysterious nature for example the way he talks to people. â€Å"He chooses his words carefully and speaks weightily.† He does this so that he makes sure that he is saying what he wants to say and means it. Everything he says has a rather matter of fact tome to it making the other characters think that he is always right and knows what he is talking about. Also he has a disconcerting habit of looking at the person that he is talking to. This makes them uneasy. It is like the Inspector is searching them internally and can see what they are thinking. The name of the Inspector â€Å"Inspector Goole† adds to the dramatic tension of the play. The name Goole is a homophone to the word ghoul which is often related to a ghost. A ghost is a disembodied spirit of a dead person i.e. it is not really there. Ghosts and ghouls are thought to be fictional to scare children. Therefore is the Inspector real or not? Is â€Å"Goole† his real name or is he just using the name to scare the Birlings? These questions remain unanswered throughout the play. Inspector Goole has a very awkward yet methodical way of questioning each member of the family. He concentrates on one person at a time and does not let them go until he is satisfied with the information that he has gained. When he is questioning one person he does not like to disturbed. He has a photograph in his pocket which he says is of Eva Smith and he says he found it in her lodgings. He only shows it to one person at a time and makes sure that no one else can see it. When he shows Mr. Birling the photograph Gerald and Eric are eager to see it as well but he blocks their view. When they ask him why they can’t see the photograph he replies â€Å"It’s the way I like to go to work. One person and one line of enquiry at a time. Otherwise there is a muddle.† This shows the methodical side to his questioning. Throughout his enquiries, the Inspector has remained in control. At times he has massively taken charge.† In social status, the Inspector is lower than the Birlings although throughout most of the play the Birlings are inferior to the Inspector as they do not know all the information like he does. What we do not know is how much the inspector already knows before arriving at the house. Whenever he asks a question, he already seems to know the otherwise he would not be questioning them. The information he has gathered before coming to the house is by reading the diary that Eva Smith left. Maybe some pages of the diary were missing, hence the lack of information in the Inspector. There is not really any evidence that what the inspector says is true apart from everyone admitting to what they did to Eva Smith. He doesn’t even show the Birlings so called diary. Therefore we aren’t sure if there even was a diary or if he made it all up. We are force to believe that he is telling the truth because how else would he have got that information? The audience answer to it â€Å"Anyhow I already knew.† He obviously has bits of the puzzle missing do not learn a great about Inspector Goole in the play. All they learn about is his character and personality; he is imposing and intimidating. We do not know any background information on him e.g. where he is from. All this does not matter because even though he is the main character the play is not about him it is about Eva Smith. The audience probably do feel a bit curious about the mysterious Inspector but their curiosity soon subsides as they try to keep up with the fast pace of the play. Before the Inspector goes he says â€Å"One Eva Smith has gone but there are millions and millions of Eva Smiths left with us.† From this, the family learn that they might have led someone to suicide but there are plenty more vulnerable people like Eva Smith left in the world that needs their help.  John Priestley was born on September 13th 1894. He grew up into a family who enjoyed debates. At a very young age he was caught up in debates with his friends. They all discussed politics from a socialist point of view. He expresses these ideas and beliefs in the play. In the play his socialist ideas are expressed through the characters and by exploiting some techniques and devices. Now I am going to write about the social and political climate of the day. Priestley wrote this play ‘An Inspector Calls’ in 1944, but the play was set in 1912. Priestley took into account the political and social climate of not just 1944 but also when the play was set in 1912. Because of the time in between the two periods Priestley could use historical events and facts for his own use in the play. An example of this is when Birling says, â€Å"I’m talking as a hard headed, practical man of business. And I say there isn’t a chance of war. â€Å"And in the Inspectors final speech when he talks about everyone being responsible for each other’s actions and the world is a whole and people shouldn’t be divided up into classes and social groups. â€Å"I tell you that the time will come when, if men will not learn that lesson, then they will be taught in fire and blood and anguish.† In both these quotes Priestley touches on the subject of war. This would have attracted the audience to what Birling was saying and they would have started to dislike him and his ideas, since the Second World War would have just finished the audience would have been upset about their lost ones and would have been interested in peoples opinions and views leading up to the start of World War One.

War of 1812 USS Constitution

Shorn of the protection of the Royal Navy, the merchant marine of the young United States began to suffer attacks from North African Barbary pirates in the mid-1780s. In response, President George Washington signed the Naval Act of 1794. This authorized the building of six frigates with the restriction that construction would halt if a peace agreement was reached. Designed by Joshua Humphreys, the construction of the vessels was assigned to various ports on the East Coast. The frigate assigned to Boston was dubbed USS Constitution and was laid down at Edmund Hartts yard on November 1, 1794. Aware that the U.S. Navy would be unable to match the fleets of Britain and France, Humphreys designed his frigates to be able to overpower similar foreign ships but still be fast enough to escape larger ships of the line. Possessing a long keel and narrow beam, Constitutions framing was made of live oak and included diagonal riders which increased the hulls strength and aided in preventing hogging. Heavily planked, Constitutions hull was stronger than similar vessels of its class. Copper bolts and other hardware for the vessel were made by Paul Revere. Key Facts Nation: United StatesBuilder: Edmund Hartts Shipyard, Boston, MALaunched: October 21, 1797Maiden Voyage: July 22, 1798Fate: Museum ship at Boston, MA Specifications of the USS Constitution Ship Type: FrigateDisplacement: 2,200 tonsLength: 175 ft. (waterline)Beam: 43.5 ft.Draft: 21 ft. - 23 ft.Complement: 450Speed: 13 knots Armament 30 x 24-pdrs2 x 24-pdrs (bow chasers)20 x 32-pdr carronades USS Constitution The Quasi-War Though a peace settlement was reached with Algiers in 1796, Washington permitted the three ships nearest completion to be finished. As one of the three, Constitution was launched, with some difficulty, on October 21, 1797. Completed the following year, the frigate readied for service under the command of Captain Samuel Nicholson. Though rated at forty-four guns, Constitution typically mounted around fifty. Putting to sea on July 22, 1798, Constitution began patrols to protect American commerce during the Quasi-War with France. Operating on the East Coast and in the Caribbean, Constitution conducted escort duty and patrolled for French privateers and warships. The highlight of its Quasi-War service came on May 11, 1799 when Constitutions sailors and marines, led by Lieutenant Isaac Hull, seized the French privateer Sandwich near Puerto Plata, Santo Domingo. Continuing its patrols after the conflict ended in 1800, Constitution returned to Boston two years later and was placed in ordinary. This proved brief as the frigate was re-commissioned for service in the First Barbary War in May 1803. USS Constitution and the First Barbary War Commanded by Captain Edward Preble, Constitution arrived at Gibraltar on September 12 and was joined by additional American ships. Crossing to Tangier, Preble exacted a peace treaty before departing on October 14. Overseeing American efforts against the Barbary states, Preble began a blockade of Tripoli and worked to free the crew of USS Philadelphia (36 guns) which had run aground in the harbor on October 31. Unwilling to allow the Tripolitans to keep Philadelphia, Preble dispatched Lieutenant Stephen Decatur on a daring mission which destroyed the frigate on February 16, 1804. Through the summer, Preble mounted attacks against Tripoli with small gunboats and used his frigates to provide fire support. In September, Preble was replaced in overall command by Commodore Samuel Barron. Two months later, he turned command of Constitution over to Captain John Rodgers. Following the American victory at the Battle of Derna in May 1805, a peace treaty with Tripoli was signed aboard Constitution on June 3. The American squadron then moved to Tunis where a similar agreement was obtained. With peace in the region, Constitution remained in the Mediterranean until returning in late 1807. USS Constitution  and the War of 1812 During the winter of 1808, Rodgers supervised a major overhaul of the ship until passing command to Hull, now a captain, in June 1810. After a cruise to Europe in 1811-1812, Constitution was in the Chesapeake Bay when news arrived that the War of 1812 had begun. Departing the bay, Hull sailed north with the goal of joining a squadron that Rodgers was assembling. While off the coast of New Jersey, Constitution was spotted by a group of British warships. Pursued for over two days in light winds, Hull used a variety of tactics, including kedge anchors, to escape. Arriving at Boston, Constitution quickly resupplied before sailing on August 2. Moving northeast, Hull captured three British merchantmen and learned that a British frigate was sailing to the south. Moving to intercept, Constitution encountered HMS Guerriere (38) on August 19. In a sharp fight, Constitution dismasted its opponent and forced it to surrender. During the battle, several of Guerrieres cannon balls were seen to bounce off Constitutions thick sides leading it to earn the nickname Old Ironsides. Returning to port, Hull and his crew were hailed as heroes. On September 8, Captain William Bainbridge took command and Constitution returned to sea. Sailing south with the sloop of war USS Hornet, Bainbridge blockaded the corvette HMS Bonne Citoyenne (20) at Salvador, Brazil. Leaving Hornet to watch the port, he maneuvered offshore seeking prizes. On December 29, Constitution spotted the frigate HMS Java (38). Engaging, Bainbridge captured the British ship after causing its foremast to collapse. Needing repairs, Bainbridge returned to Boston, arriving in February 1813. Requiring an overhaul, Constitution entered the yard and work began under the guidance of Captain Charles Stewart. Sailing for the Caribbean on December 31, Stewart captured five British merchant ships and HMS Pictou (14) before being forced back to port due to issues with the main mast. Pursued north, he ran into Marblehead harbor before slipping down the coast to Boston. Blockaded at Boston until December 1814, Constitution next steered for Bermuda and then Europe. On February 20, 1815, Stewart engaged and captured the sloops of war HMS Cyane (22) and HMS Levant (20). Arriving in Brazil in April, Stewart learned of the wars end and returned to New York. Later Career of the USS Constitution With the end of the war, Constitution was laid up at Boston. Re-commissioned in 1820, it served in the Mediterranean Squadron until 1828. Two years later, an erroneous rumor that the U.S. Navy intended to scrap the ship led to public outrage and caused Oliver Wendell Holmes to pen the poem Old Ironsides. Repeatedly overhauled, Constitution saw service in the Mediterranean and Pacific during the 1830s before embarking on an around the world cruise in 1844-1846. Following a return to the Mediterranean in 1847, Constitution served as flagship of the U.S. African Squadron from 1852 to 1855. Arriving home, the frigate became a training ship at the U.S. Naval Academy from 1860 to 1871 when it was replaced by USS Constellation (22). In 1878-1879, Constitution carried exhibits to Europe for display at the Paris Exposition. Returning, it ultimately was made a receiving ship at Portsmouth, NH. In 1900, the first efforts were made to restore the ship and seven years later it opened for tours. Heavily restored in the early 1920s, Constitution embarked on a national tour in 1931-1934. Further restored several times during the 20th century, Constitution is currently docked at Charlestown, MA as a museum ship. USS Constitution is the oldest commissioned warship in the U.S. Navy.

Milton Friedman s The Second Treatise Of Civil Government

Societies are constantly evolving and reinventing themselves in order to keep up with the demands of the governed. Contesting ideas about what would improve a given society versus harm it often clash and lead to new debates, expanding the realm of issues that must be addressed. Therefore, what constitutes a good society is largely a moral question; for example, while some may value income equality as being one of the hallmarks of a fair and just society, others may view competition as a necessary means to drive up productivity and make sure the most capable individuals have the greatest chance at success. However, certain essential values, including the ability for people to oppose the government, the presence of order, or the ability for†¦show more content†¦Locke goes on to clarify that opposition of the government must be a group effort by asserting that, â€Å"...it is as impossible for a few oppressed men to disturb the government when the body of the people donâ€℠¢t think themselves concerned in it as it is for a raving madman or headstrong malcontent to overturn a well settled state; the people being no more inclined to follow the oppressed few into a fight than to follow the solitary madman† (page 68). In this colorful hypothetical situation, Locke is drawing the conclusion that in order for any kind of restructuring or resistance of the government to be successful, action must be a group effort on behalf of the citizens. The lone wolf critics alone simply do not have enough power or influence to incite wide-scale change, but if the majority of the populace is dissatisfied, then modifications of the current system could be possible. Milton Friedman, in his 1962 book, Capitalism and Freedom, expresses similar ideas to those summarized in Locke’s Second Treatise on Civil Government, although in a slightly different frame. Friedman offers the ability to mobilize reform in capitalist societies as a benefit over socialist societies , but in a sense he echoes the same idea that the ability to oppose or amend the government is a hallmark of a good society. He explains that, â€Å"...no society could be stable ifShow MoreRelatedDo you agree with Milton Friedman’s (1970) claim that :  « the only responsibility of business is to increase its profits  » ?2913 Words   |  12 Pagesï » ¿Do you agree with Milton Friedman’s (1970) claim that  :  «Ã‚  the only responsibility of business is to increase its profits  Ã‚ »Ã‚  ? Milton Friedman was an American economist, statistician and writer, who had a massive impact on the research agenda of the economics profession. His famous words â€Å"the only responsibility of business is to increase its profits† (Friedman, Milton. 1970) led to many controversial debates on whether businesses should have ethics or if profit should be their main  goal. CorporateRead MoreCorporate Irresponsibility and Corporate Social Responsibility: Competing Realities7010 Words   |  29 Pages(or CSI-CSR bi-polar) model allows for greater clarity and understanding of the concepts that constitute and deï ¬ ne these terms. It is suggested that CSI is a term better suited to describing the workings of the ‘‘old’’ shareholder business model (Friedman, 1962) and that CSR is more applicable to the workings of the new and emerging stakeholder business model (Freeman, 1984). The CSI-CSR model allows for discussion and positioning of issues around CSR . Communication about issues of social responsibilityRead MoreJurisprudential Theories on IPR13115 Words   |  53 Pagesenables the exercise of subjective freedom rather than a consequence of civil liberties. Thus, literary property is also a manifestation of a persons free will. Hegels concept of individual, personal rights as a basis of copyright was influenced by Kant and Fichte and had some bearing on the later theories of Gareis, Gierke and Bluntschli, even if Hegels legal theory was not referred to generally by German jurists in the second half of the nineteenth century. There are 3 golden rules and passesRead MoreThe Impact of Agricultural Sector on Economic Growth in Nigeria18675 Words   |  75 Pagesmention some persons as a mark of my gratitude and appreciation, the list here cannot be exhaustive of all those who have in one way or the other contributed and still contribute to my research and academic career. I would like to pay tribute to Mr. S. Nwakwanogo, of blessed memory, who imparted key reading and study skills to me as early as my primary school age. In the same vein, let me thank all the teachers who taught me at the secondary school level. I particularly thank Mr. J. Usifo (English

Essay about Injustices of Jane Eyre - 854 Words

Readers are exposed to the different reactions of Jane, Helen, and Miss Temple to injustice. In Charlotte Brontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s novel, Jane Eyre, there is a great deal of injustice done to these three characters. Jane suffers with injustice throughout her lifetime, from Mrs. Reed’s abuse to Mr. Brocklehurst’s false accusations. She finds it hard to ignore it and always wants to take revenge. Although Helen also suffers from injustice in Lowood, she does not take action because she believes that justice will be found in G-d’s ultimate judgment. Miss Temple, a teacher at Lowood, is a great role model to the girls at Lowood. If injustice is done to her students, she will stand in their defense and only look at the good. Jane, Helen, and Miss Temple†¦show more content†¦Brocklehurst would expel you from the school, that would be a great grief to your relations. It is better to endure patiently a smart which nobody feels but yourself, than to commit a has ty action whose evil consequences will extend to all connected with you, and, besides, the bible bids us return good for evil’† (Brontà « 47). Janes resolution, firmness and tenacity are seen in the way she tries to overcome the oppression which she has to face throughout her life. Helen Burns has a very different perspective than Jane. She is able to accept everything that happens to her and when punished, she feels that she deserves it. Helen is a great believer in G-d and is determined to live by biblical precepts. While Helen is not oblivious to the injustices the girls suffer at Lowood, she believes that punishments and rewards will be received in the next world. â€Å"[Jane] heard her with wonder: I could not comprehend this doctrine of endurance, and still less could I understand a sympathise with the forbearance she expressed for her chastiser. Still I felt that Helen Burns considered things by a light invisible to my eyes. I suspected she might be rig ht or wrong, but I would not ponder the matter deeply: like Felix, I put it off to a more convenient season† (Brontà « 47). Although she is picked on and reprimanded for all her misdeeds,Show MoreRelated Suffering and Injustice in the Opening Chapters of Charlotte Brontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s Jane Eyre3724 Words   |  15 PagesSuffering and Injustice in the Opening Chapters of Charlotte Brontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s Jane Eyre At the time the novel Jane Eyre was written, it was very difficult for women writers to have their books published. Charlotte Brontà « was very aware of the problem, and cleverly changed her name to Currer Bell so the book would be accepted. Luckily for Charlotte, her novel Jane Eyre was published in October 1847, and since writing this novel, Charlotte Brontà « has become very popular, and a classic author. 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Network Free Essays

Objective: 1. Provide knowledge of computer communications from user point of view in the context of local area network. 2. We will write a custom essay sample on Network or any similar topic only for you Order Now Explain the basic concepts of communications within Local Area Network with emphasis on access techniques and basic protocol. 3. Providing user services Assignment Overview: * This is an individual assignment * The student must produce a written report and must be submitted on the dateline * The student expected to present the assignment Question: You are a network engineer at a private office. You are required to produce a proposal to the upper management. in order to install a new network infrastructure for a new detachment of the office. You need to obtain the information as accurate as possible to the specification released by our superior. your work include of identifying router, gateway, bridge and switches according to the minimum specification given. Specification according to the proposed network devices: device| specification| outer| * Able to support flexible and adaptive infrastructure * Support for layer 2 and layer 3 * IP/MPLS traffic engineering support * 8 copper GbE(10/100/1000)interface * Support 3G/4G * Support PoE,10GbE| gateway| * Simplifies sparing strategy for operators even they use variety of backhaul * Technologies (DSL, Ethernet, T1/E1 and so on) across their network. * Allow operators to choose clocking strategy of their choice: T1/E1, line timing or BITS. Transport ATM,TDM * Packet traffic over IP/ MPLS| bridge| * 24 to 48 10/100/1000BAsE-T ports * Fixed panel Gigabit Ethernet (GbE) to support high speed backbone or link aggregation| switch| * Support level2 and level 3 * Throughput capability is more than 1. 28 Tbps * Port able to support from 1GbE to 10GbE| 1. By referring to the specification above, suggest and identify the type of network device that fulfilled the requirements as stated. 2. The hosen device need to be identified with its feature and the interoperability with the specification stated above. 3. Each of the features of the devices needs to be explained in terms of user perspective and the jargon should be carefully breakdown into concise description. 4. Include the picture of the devices in the report. 5. Explain the reason why you choose the particular network device and compare it with the specification. If the chosen network device do not met the requirements, please provide the appropriate justification. How to cite Network, Essay examples

DHL’s Service Alignment And Marketing For Small Fashion Entreprenuers

Question: Discuss about the DHLs Service Alignment And Marketing For Small Fashion Entreprenuers. Answer: Introduction The core concept of DHL service is to offer delivery service value through a designed service delivery system to a target market that is need of the service. However developing customer-focused delivery system that is aligned to their needs has a positive impact on customer experience and satisfaction as well as a Companys profitability. Customer segmentation therefore become vital for identifying customer needs to develop needs oriented service system that satisfactorily offers the most satisfaction to a particular client group (Ozmen, et al. 2014:Hunter et al. 2004). Small businesses are one of the largest growing segments in the world that, owing to their limited resource capabilities choose to include 3PL as a viable alternative for their supply chain needs. Small fashion firms have experience notable growth and exposure since the advent of E-Commerce. IBISworld (2017) research report shows that online clothing shopping has an annual growth of 12-17 percent creating a rising need for 3PL among many small fashion e-stores in the global market. It is therefore imperative for DHL to appeal this customer segment understanding by proactively communicating the tailor made solutions it offers based o a comprehensive segment understanding of small businesses. Small fashion Business purchasing behavior Top among the motivations that drive an SBU to purchase is value addition to the business with revenue increase and reducing cost coming second. In a small business Unit it is established that the owner is the Key purchasing decision maker (Kavak, Tunel and zyrk 2015). However several elements influence the purchasing decision of new product. The most influential element is the adoption and confidence level of the product among other business owners in the same field. Notably seeking further information regarding a product is done through conversation with colleagues, vendor representatives, and company websites respectively(TAB Small Business Pulse Survey 2016). In terms of gaining confidence with a product, Small business Unit Owners evaluate testimonial that attributes other peoples satisfaction with the services offered although they also prefer a trial error approach where they deliberate on a product offering by using it themselves. However vendor demonstrations play a small role in shedding light on the value proposition being offered(TAB Small Business Pulse Survey 2016). In such a case research shows that most small business operators finding vendor information trustworthy and therefore keep an open mind. Tailor made service offering for Small fashion Businesses. In the fashion industry, the most apparent logistical issues facing both big and small business include delivery performance (efficiency of delivery), flexibility (return policy) and responsiveness (pick up frequency and place), real-time assurance of delivery (tracking of goods to the end consumer) and integrate international trade regulations (Van der Valk and Rozemeijer 2009). While DHLs offers a wide variety of these factors it is necessary to develop a tailor-made service factor that particularly appeals to these essential factors within the SBU target market. In this respect, offering E-solutions, E-billing, time and day definite service, next-flight out, shipment consolidation services and one stop clearance in a service package would help in developing a seamless supply chain that would unburden small scale business that would unburden them any disconnect on the supply chain end(Coltman, Gattorna and Whiting 2010). Additionally, since small fashion businesses leverage most of their brand image through quality, efficiency and reliability, it is important for DHL to extend after sale services such as track and trace where customers can keep track of their merchandise. In the event there is a delay, a courtesy call to the customer from DHL would go a long way to maintain high professionalism and credibility of a fashion business(Oke and Gopalakrishnan 2009). Such alignments of services to the needs of the small fashion businesses have the potential to yield life-long client which is a trait among small business units. Developing a marketing campaign targeting Small fashion businesses. Customer-centric services are developed mainly by understanding the motivations that drive purchasing decisions within the target market. Consequently a message is developed in an innovative manner to communicate a firms understanding of the consumers needs through various media channels. According to Small business pulse (2016) value addition is a top priority in the purchase decision-making. In this case a DHL campaign should revolve around the theme of reliability and ease of doing business. The main outcome of DHLs campaign should be to create awareness of oncoming expo for small business entrepreneurs and top of mind positioning among the small business unit base. The message should be joining other business people in using the most reliable 3PL company in the world that care for you. Advertisement campaign Communication should also be conducted on several media channels and event. TV commercials and online marketing offer the best avenues to reach a wide variety of people. Social media integrates visual, audio and text messaging service at a relatively low cost thus increasing degree of viewership as well as word of mouth(Mangold and Faulds 2009). Hash tags, YouTube videos and an event attendance page of face book have the capability of going viral, which would surpass the expectations of DHLs campaign. DHL should develop a TV advertisement that integrate testimonials from other small business owners- especially in the young and old fashion using the service, highlighting their experiences and confidence in the service products being offered. A celebrity endorsement of a known celebrity in the small business realm would work to incentivize SBU owners to attend the event (Bolan and Williams 2008). DHL should also highlight their role as an industry leader anchored on in-depth understanding of their customers. The advert should highlight an oncoming event expo in which all small business entrepreneurs are invited. Replicating the same message on internet marketing maximizes on awareness reach while also creating interest through an aggressive top of mind agenda (Bolan and Williams 2008). It is imperative that all information sources should trace back to the company website, which add weight to the credibility of the campaign information. Additionally it would prompt potential customer s wishing to in-depth information regarding DHL to easily access it through a link of the webpage. Event development- Exposition Event marketing is an essential marketing tool that brings together DHLs personnel to the potential customers. An exposition would be highly suit for DHL to highlight their variety of services as well as the tailor-made service package dedicated to the small business entrepreneurs. The event setup should involve a cross- functionality of DHLs business with top vendors ready to walk the potential customers through their value proposition. Secondly vendors need to aggressively engage with attendees at the event to ensure to maximize on influencing buyer purchase process. Finally the event should also have a subscription desk where customers can sign up for DHL service packages. The Exposition event should be replicated all over the major cities where there is potential to subscribe many small scale fashion businesses. This can be aided by conducting a demographic market research on small scale fashion business around the world. Conclusion Notably, with the growth of E-commerce, DHL is set to significant growth in 3PL service delivery needs- especially among small businesses in the fashion industry. However it is incumbent upon DHL to realign strategic services to the needs of small scale fashion producers so as to maximize on service value and consequently on profitability. Additionally marketing their services to the target market ensure that DHL curves out a significant share of the customer base. This should be done through an aggressive campaign and events marketing revolving around its reliable service offering and care for small business Owners interests. References Coltman, T., Gattorna, J. and Whiting, S., 2010. Realigning service operations strategy at DHL express. Interfaces, 40(3), pp.175-183. Oke, A. and Gopalakrishnan, M., 2009. Managing disruptions in supply chains: A case study of a retail supply chain. International journal of production economics, 118(1), pp.168-174. Bolan, P. and Williams, L., 2008. The role of image in service promotion: focusing on the influence of film on consumer choice within tourism. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 32(4), pp.382-390. Kavak, B., Tunel, N. and zyrk, H.E., 2015. Do Small and Medium Sized Enterprises Have Their Unique Buying Behavior Variables?--A Qualitative Approach. International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance, 6(6), p.283. Mangold, W.G. and Faulds, D.J., 2009. Social media: The new hybrid element of the promotion mix. Business horizons, 52(4), pp.357-365. Hunter, L.M., Kasouf, C.J., Celuch, K.G. and Curry, K.A., 2004. A classification of business-to-business buying decisions: risk importance and probability as a framework for e-business benefits. Industrial marketing management, 33(2), pp.145-154. Ozmen, E.S., ner, M.A., Khosrowshahi, F. and Underwood, J., 2014. SMEs Purchasing Habits: A Procurement Maturity Model for Stakeholders. SAGE Open, 4(2), p.2158244014536405. Van der Valk, W. and Rozemeijer, F., 2009. Buying business services: towards a structured service purchasing process. Journal of Services Marketing, 23(1), pp.3-10. Cyr, A., Meier, O. and Pacitto, J.C., 2011. Method in their madness: understanding the behaviour of VSE owner-managers. Journal of small business and enterprise development, 18(2), pp.331-351. TAB Small Business Pulse Survey 2016, The Alternative Board, viewed 5 October 2017, https://www.thealternativeboard.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/Business-Pulse-Survey-Business-Owner-Buying-Decisions.pdf. IBISWorld 2017, IBIS World, viewed 6 October 2017, https://www.ibisworld.com/industry-trends/specialized-market-research-reports/consumer-goods-services/apparel-accessories-stores/clothing-boutiques.html.

Agro- Processing Industry in India free essay sample

Table of Contents 1. AGRO-PROCESSING: AN INTRODUCTION3 2. GROWTH OF AGRO PROCESSING SECTOR3 3. GOVERNMENT POLICIES4 4. SWOT ANALYSIS FOR AGRO-PROCESSING INDUSTRY6 5. GOAL 20157 6. ORGANISATION-VAPCOL8 7. PRODUCT: CASHEW-NUT9 7. 1 Cashew industry in India: An Overview10 7. 2 Supply chain of Cashew product marketed by Vapcol11 7. 3 Value Addition Process12 7. 4 Sales and distribution and Marketing of Cashew nut12 REFERENCES13 List of tables Table 1: Agro-Processing Industries in India—Growth, Status and Prospects4 Table 2: Product-Portfolio of VAPCOL9 List of figures Figure 1: Cashew production, consumption, export, import trend 10 Figure 2: State wise domestic production trend11 Figure 3: Procurement channel of Cashew12 Figure 4: Flow chart of Cashew processing12 ? 1. AGRO-PROCESSING: AN INTRODUCTION As per definition, Agro processing is a set of techno-economic activities, applied to all the produces, originating from agricultural farm, livestock, aqua cultural sources and forests for their conservation, handling and value-addition to make them usable as food, feed, fibre, fuel or industrial raw materials. This specific sector has experienced expansion during last five decades, starting with a handful of facilities which were mainly operating at domestic/cottage level. We will write a custom essay sample on Agro- Processing Industry in India or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page If properly developed, agro-processing sector can make India a major player at the global level for marketing and supply of processed food, feed and a wide range of other plant and animal. The scope of the agro-processing industry encompasses all operations from the stage of harvest till the material reaches the end users in the desired form, packaging, quantity, quality and price. Agro-processing is now regarded as the ‘sunrise sector’ of the Indian economy due to its large potential for growth and likely socio economic impact specifically on employment and income generation. While up to 14 per cent of the total work force is engaged in agro-processing sector in developed countries directly or indirectly; in India, only about 3 per cent of the work force is involved in this sector. This reveals vast untapped potential for employment. Our country has diverse agro-climatic conditions and consumer preferences and hence it produces a vast variety of agricultural and livestock materials. The losses in farm produce in India on account of poor post harvest management have been assessed to be of a very high order. The estimated loss includes losses during storage, handling and milling/processing. By adopting proper agro processing technology, the extent of post harvest losses could be brought down to less than fifty percent of the existing level. The 2. GROWTH OF AGRO PROCESSING SECTOR Starting with a small number of processing facilities in 1950-51, a fairly well spread network of processing facilities has been developed in the Country. Agro-processing technology in India has been continuously making steady progress towards modernization. The table mentioned below gives information of the latest development trends in respect of major crops/crop groups. Table 1: Agro-Processing Industries in India—Growth, Status and Prospects Sl. No. CropRecent products, processes, trends and technologies 1Rice Fully automatic modern rice mills Partially cooked/quick cooking rice Breakfast cereals and value-added products Attractive packaging and branding 2Wheat Fully automatic roller flour mills Whole bran wheat flour, Fortified wheat flour Attractive packaging and branding Large number of baked products Automatic chapatti making machines 3MaizeCorn flour-packaged and branded, Baby corn Corn flakes and value-added products including ready-to-eat snacks (salted sweetened) Starch material, corn oil with specific consumer desired attributes Large, automatic corn processing plants Coarse- CerealsValue-added products including breakfast foods extruded fortified tasty products 5PulsesAutomatic processing units for pulses with driers, colour sorters and packaging unit Cold storing of processed pulses Snack foods and other value added products 6SoybeanProduction of full fat soy flour/enzyme active soy flour for bakery and fortified foods Ready-to-eat snack foods Source: agricoop. nic. in Major problems faced by Agro-processing u nits have been: (a) Low capacity utilization, b) Poor recovery of the finished product from the raw materials, (c) Problems of arranging adequate working capital and its management, (d) Low product quality and (e) Unreliable assured power supply. 3. GOVERNMENT POLICIES The Government has formulated and implemented several schemes to provide financial assistance for setting up and modernizing of food processing units, creation of infrastructure, support for research and development and human resource development in addition to other promotional measures to encourage the growth of the processed food sector. The Centre has permitted under the Income Tax Act a deduction of 100 per cent of profit for five years and 25 per cent of profit in the next five years in case of new agro processing industries set up to package and preserve fruits and vegetables. †¢Excise Duty of 16 per cent on dairy machinery has been fully waived off and excise duty on meat, poultry and fish products has be en reduced from 16 per cent to 8 per cent. †¢Most of the processed food items have been exempted from the purview of licensing under the Industries Development and regulation) Act, 1951, except items reserved for small-scale sector and alcoholic beverages. †¢Food processing industries were included in the list of priority sector for bank lending in 1999. †¢Automatic approval for foreign equity up to 100 per cent is available for most of the processed food items except alcohol, beer and those reserved for small-scale sector subject to certain conditions. †¢The Union Commerce Ministry has approved a brand promotion campaign for value-added â€Å"Made in India† cashew being launched in the West Asian market by March end. The campaign, mooted by Cashew Export Promotion Council of India (CEPCI), involves a financial assistance of US$ 344,787 by the Ministry. †¢Full repatriation of profits and capital has been allowed. †¢Zero duty import of capital goods and raw material for 100 per cent export oriented units. †¢Sales of up to 50 per cent in domestic tariff area for agro based, 100 per cent export oriented units is allowed. †¢Government grants have been given for setting up common facilities in agro Food Park. †¢Full duty exemption on all imports for units in export processing zones has been done. Food Safety and Standard Act, 2006 Till the year 2005, thirteen different laws were applicable on the food and food processing sector. †¢FSSA will be aided by several scientific panels and a central advisory committee to lay down standards for food safety. These standards will include specifications for ingredients, contaminants, pesticide residue, biological hazards and labels. †¢The law will be enforced through State Commissioners of Food Safety and local level officials. †¢Everyone in the food sector is required to get a licence or a registration which would be issued by local authorities. Under APMC Act ?Transaction outside the regulated mandis is prohibited by most states. ?The procurement of agricultural produce should not be facilitated directly from farmer’s fields. ?Most states do not encourage direct marketing and Contract Farming. ?The private sectors are not allowed to invest for the infrastructure improvement. ?The purchaser has to be a registered agent at the wholesale market Under Model Act ?There is no compulsion to sell through existing markets administered by the APMC ? This act enables procurement of agricultural produce directly from the Farm Gate ? This act enables contract farming and there is provision for direct sale of farm produce 4. SWOT ANALYSIS FOR AGRO-PROCESSING INDUSTRY 4. 1 Strength: †¢Raw material is available throughout the year †¢This sector is getting support from the government and is being socially accepted as an important area †¢There is vast domestic market for agro processing of different agric products †¢There is vast network of manufacturing facilities all over the country 4. 2 Weakness: There is high requirement of working capital in this industry. †¢The linkages between RD labs and industry are inadequately developed. †¢Remuneration is less attractive for talent in comparison to contemporary disciplines. †¢There is inadequate automation with respect to the information. †¢There is low availability of new reliable and better accuracy instruments and equipments management. 4. 3 Opportu nity: †¢Large crop and material base in the country due to agro-ecological variability offers vast potential for agro processing activities. Integration of developments in contemporary technologies such as electronics, material science, computer, bio-technology etc. offer vast scope for rapid improvement and progress. †¢Opening of global markets may lead to export of our developed technologies and facilitate generation of additional income and employment 4. 4 Threat: †¢This industry might have to face competition from global players †¢Trained manpower is shifting to other industries and other professions due to better working conditions prevailing there. Such shift may lead to shortage of manpower in agro-processing industry. †¢Rapid developments in contemporary and requirements of the industry may lead to fast obsolescence. 5. GOAL 2015 ?Ministry of Food Processing Industries had commissioned a vision document for the growth of FPI sector. ?Processing of perishables is aimed to increase 20 percent. ?Value addition is aimed to increase to 34 percent from the present level of 20 percent. ?Share of agro processing industry in world trade has to be up from 1. 6 percent to 3 percent. 6. ORGANISATION-VAPCOL VAPCOL (Vasundhara Agri-Horti Producer Company Limited) is a Producer Company established under section 581A of the India Companies Act 1956 to market the products produced by its producer members across the country. VAPCOL is a multistate marketing company, which markets its product under the brand name of â€Å"VRINDAVAN†. Vapcol is promoted by BAIF (an NGO established in 1948 by Dr. Manibhai Desai to uplift the tribal farmers of south Gujarat). The products of Vapcol are a result of years of implementation of the Wadi programme initiated by BAIF. Wadi is a comprehensive programme for improving living standards of marginalised families in remote areas. Its mission is to satisfy its customer by providing consistent quality, service at reasonable price and thus provide remunerative prices and market to our producer owners. VAPCOL is engaged in food processing and marketing of fresh and processed fruits, nuts and vegetables produced in the operational areas of the member organisations. VAPCOL is primarily involved in establishing market linkages for various fresh and processed farm produce from the members. VAPCOL also facilitates the support to the member organisations to develop their supply chains, to implement producer oriented schemes and to take up value chain activities. VAPCOL producers group forms a complex of Cooperatives in Gujarat and Vibhags (Division) with no cooperative structure in Maharashtra. The producer groups from other states like Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand and Rajasthan are also part of VAPCOL. All the processing units of VAPCOL are spread across the country right from Gujarat, Maharashtra, MP, UP to Rajasthan. Table 2: Product-Portfolio of VAPCOL Product PortfolioMain ingredientsSuppliers and Area Market (Area coverage)Competitors Mango PicklesRaw mango, salt, Spices, Vegetable oilMember cooperatives, Valsad and NasikValsad, Navasari, PunePravin, Mothers Recipe, Nilons, Kamdhenu Mixed PicklesRaw mango, Lemon, Green chilli, carrot, salt, Spices, Vegetable oilMember cooperatives, ValsadValsad, Navasari, PunePravin, Mothers Recipe, Nilons, Kamdhenu Karvanda PicklesKarvanda, salt, Spices, Vegetable oilMember coop, Peint , NasikValsad, NavasariLocal unbranded pickles. Karela/Lemon/B186 PicklesLemon, salt, Spices, Vegetable oilOpen market purchase, Dharampur Market Valsad, Navasari, PunePravin, Mothers Recipe, kamdhenu Kesar Mango PulpKesar Mango, Preservatives, SugarMember cooperatives, Valsad and PeintValsad, Navasari, PuneLarge number of small players Alphanso Mango PulpAlpanso Mango, Preservatives, SugarMember cooperatives, Valsad and PeintValsad, Navasari, PuneLarge number of small players CashewRaw cashewMember cooperatives, Valsad and NasikValsad, Navasari, Pune, MumbaiLocal vendors getting the supply from Konkan region and Kerala Source: OTS study by PRM 31 participants . PRODUCT: CASHEW-NUT Raw cashew nuts grow on trees and a single nut is attached to and hangs below a false fruit or cashew apple. The most significant difficulty in processing cashew nuts is that the hard outer shell, which contains the edible kernel, contains caustic oil which can burn the skin and produce noxious fumes when heated. The oil (referred to commercially as CNS L, cashew nut shell liquid) contains 90% anacardic acid and 10% cardol. Cashew nuts are kidney shaped and brittle which makes it difficult to remove the shell without breakage. Whole white kernels are the highest grade and larger whole kernels fetch higher prices. In actually, a cashew is not a nut. Technically it’s a seed stemming from the bottom of the cashew apple grown on trees. Botanical name of cashew is Anacardium occidentale also known as â€Å"Nature’s Vitamin Pill†. 7. 1 Cashew industry in India: An Overview India is a major player on the cashew world stage. While cashew cultivation originated in Brazil, today cashew is cultivated in Asia, Africa and Latin America. In the year 2000, the total global area under cashew cultivation was around 4,000,000 ha, while the estimated average productivity was around 510 kg per ha and total raw 11 nut production was 1. 8 million tonnes. India is the second largest country in the world cashew economy for area under cultivation as well as production of raw cashew nuts, second only to Brazil. Today cashew is cultivated on around 720,000 ha in India, yielding an output of 450,000 MT and an average productivity of 710 kg/ha. The cultivation of he crop is mostly confined to the western and eastern coastal areas of peninsular India. Kerala is the largest cashew producing states since long back but its share in total production in the country has decreased over the time. And Maharashtra has improved a lot in it cashew production. Production of raw cashew nuts in India Figure 1: Cashew production, consumption, export, import trend over the year from 1970-71 to 2001-02 Source: Based on the paper compiled from various publications of the Cashew Export Promotion Council of India, Kochi Figure 2: State wise domestic production trend Source: Based on the paper compiled from various publications of the Cashew Export Promotion Council of India, Kochi 7. 2 Supply chain of Cashew product marketed by Vapcol After looking at state wise production trend and the procurement area of cashew marketed by vapcol, it seems very strange that its procurement areas are those areas which do not produce cashew much. But it make sense for vapcol to procure the cashew produced in that area as it had been set up for the very purpose of marketing those products produced by the tribal farmers under the Wadi program initiated by BAIF. Procurement Village-level GVMs act as primary producer groups and procure raw cashew from farmers and transport to the nearest cooperative. GVMs do primary grading and sorting, according to laid down guidelines. Figure 3: Procurement channel of Cashew The cooperatives buy the sorted raw cashew at a pre-announced price and pay GVMs accordingly on a fixed date, with a commission per kg of procurement. The GVMs disburse payments to farmers, according to quantities sold. 7. 3 Value Addition Process After procurement of raw cashew from Wadi plot-holders and others at a redetermined price, processing is done in cluster-level cooperatives as follows. Figure 4: Flow chart of Cashew processing Inter-cooperative transfer of raw cashew is practiced to ensure that the processing activities continue beyond a few months in cooperatives where procurement has been inadequate, and to reduce the pressure on new processing centres, where labour may not be skilled enough to process the entire stock of r aw cashew procured. 7. 4 Sales and distribution and Marketing of Cashew nut Processed cashew is sold by cooperatives directly to wholesalers or marketed through the VAPCOL. After deducting marketing charges, it passes on the final price realised to each cooperative. VAPCOL sells cashew to wholesale traders, through its own retail outlets at Kaprada, Dharampur, Pune, and Sutarpada, and to large buyers like TRIFED, Mumbai Grahak Panchayat and Apna Bazaar. REFERENCES †¢Agro-Processing Industries in India—Growth, Status and Prospect R. P. Kachru (Asstt. Director General (Process Engineering), Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi) †¢http://www. scribd. com/doc/33781119/Agro-Processing-sector-in-India †¢OTS Report of VAPCOL